Good Morning! It’s Thursday, January 23, 2025. I am Dom Einhorn, your lead curator, and here are your insights into what makes this day in history relevant today. First time reading? Join our community of intellectually curious readers who explore the history behind every day. [Sign up here]

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Today in History

Marquee Event of the Day

> January 23, 1870: Soldiers massacre a sleeping Native American camp.

Major Eugene Baker, indifferent to whether the camp was the rebellious group he sought, ordered his men to attack a peaceful Blackfeet camp along Montana’s Marias River.

Why this matters: The Marias Massacre of January 23, 1870, ordered by Major Eugene Baker, marked one of the most tragic and senseless acts of violence against Native Americans during the U.S. government’s westward expansion. Despite knowing the camp along Montana’s Marias River was peaceful, Baker's attack resulted in the deaths of nearly 200 Blackfeet men, women, and children, further exemplifying the brutal treatment of Indigenous peoples. The massacre intensified tensions between Native tribes and the U.S. government, symbolizing the systemic violence and injustices that contributed to the loss of Native American lives, culture, and sovereignty during this era. Its legacy remains a haunting reminder of the atrocities committed in the name of expansion and control.

Find out how much you know about Native American history with this special quiz.

Notable Events

• January 23, 2011 - American fitness pioneer Jack LaLanne, host of the first televised exercise program, The Jack LaLanne Show (1951–85), passes away at 96.

• January 23, 1997 - Madeleine Albright became the first woman U.S. secretary of state under President Bill Clinton.

• January 23, 1556 - The deadliest recorded earthquake in history strikes China.

In partnership with Masters of Trivia 
Knowledge Gamified

Masters of Trivia is gearing up to launch its utility token soon. Register for a FREE player account now so as not to miss out!

A recent New York Weekly article featured Dom Einhorn’s attempt to “Revolutionize Quizzing and Hyper-Targeted Advertising.” For transparency, Intelligent Games is the parent company of both the KRONIKL newsletter and Masters of Trivia, the quiz platform linked to many topics featured in this newsletter. An excerpt of the article reads:

Einhorn points to the company’s slogan to explain the value of Masters of Trivia’s platform. “Our slogan is ‘Knowledge Gamified’ and not ‘Gamified Knowledge’ for a good reason,” he explains. “We aim to educate and inform first and foremost, but we also know that most people need to be deeply engaged in the learning process. Hence, we added a heavy dose of entertainment and incentives to the mix.”

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Echoes in Time

Here are two events from January 23 that continue to resonate in the present day.

1. Event: January 23, 1832 - Édouard Manet is born. Manet was a pioneering French painter whose works bridged Realism and Impressionism, profoundly influencing modern art.

Lasting Significance: Édouard Manet's work marked a pivotal shift in the history of art, bridging the gap between traditional Realism and the revolutionary techniques of Impressionism. His bold use of light, modern subjects, and loose brushwork challenged academic conventions and inspired a new generation of artists. Works like Olympia and Luncheon on the Grass sparked controversy yet redefined the role of art in capturing contemporary life. Manet's legacy endures as a cornerstone of modern art, celebrated for his innovative spirit and his influence on the trajectory of 19th and 20th-century painting.

2. Event:  January 23, 1997 - Some astrologers believe the Age of Aquarius begins on this day as planets, the Sun, and the Moon formed a six-pointed star in early Aquarius for the first time since 1475.

Lasting Significance: The Age of Aquarius is often associated with transformation, innovation, and collective harmony, making this rare celestial alignment symbolically significant. Many astrologers view it as a shift toward a new era of progress, intellectual growth, and global cooperation, reflecting humanity’s evolving focus on community and shared purpose. This alignment serves as a powerful metaphor for change and renewal, resonating with those seeking a deeper connection between cosmic events and human destiny.

In the Spotlight

Birthdays, Passings & Milestones
Highlighting the influential figures who were born or died on this day, along with their legacies.

• January 23, 1789 - Georgetown College, now Georgetown University, was founded in Washington, D.C.

• January 23, 2021 - American talk-show host Larry King, famed for his relaxed interviewing style on Larry King Live (1985–2010), died at 87.

• January 23, 2005 - American comedian Johnny Carson, legendary host of The Tonight Show (1962–92) and the king of late-night TV, died at 79.

Science & Discovery

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• January 23, 1849 - Elizabeth Blackwell, born in England, earned an M.D. from Geneva Medical College, becoming the first American-trained woman physician.

• January 23, 1779 - French astronomer Charles Messier catalogs M56, a globular cluster in Lyra.

• January 23, 1930 - Clyde Tombaugh photographs the dwarf planet Pluto.

• January 23, 2020 - China locked down Wuhan and its 9 million residents to control the COVID-19 outbreak.

Today in Finance

Brought to you by Born2Invest.
Curated reads and interesting tidbits from the world of finance.

• January 23, 1571 - Queen Elizabeth I inaugurates the Royal Exchange in London.

• January 23, 1973 - Iran's Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi declared the 1954 oil agreement would not be renewed after its 1979 expiration.

• January 23, 1987 - Japan's military spending exceeds 1% of its GNP for the first time, reaching $23 billion.

• January 23, 2017 - A $250 million Bel Air mansion, the most expensive house in the US, hits the market.

Today in Sports

Brought to you by The Hunslet Wolves, a new UK-based rugby franchise coached by the former defensive head coach of the French National Team, David Ellis.

• January 23, 1984 - Hulk Hogan beats Iron Sheik to win first WWF title

• January 23, 1953 - The NFL renames the National and American conferences to the Eastern and Western conferences.

• January 23, 1958 - Pakistani batsman Hanif Mohammad scored a record 337 runs in 970 minutes against the West Indies in Bridgetown, the longest innings in Test cricket history.

In the Arts Today

• January 23, 1986 - The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in Cleveland inducted its first class, featuring Chuck Berry, Fats Domino, and Elvis Presley.

• January 23, 1781 - Niccolò Piccinni's opera Iphigénie en Tauride premieres at the Paris Opéra, performed by the Académie Royale de Musique.

• January 23, 1922 - Eugene O'Neill's play The Great God Brown premieres in New York City.

The Rest of the Story

• January 23, 1656 - French philosopher and theologian Blaise Pascal published the first of his Lettres provinciales.

• January 23, 1793 - The Humane Society of Philadelphia, the first aid society in the U.S., is organized.

• January 23, 1859 - Hawaii's Mauna Loa volcano began a 300-day eruption.

Quote of the Day

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Why KRONIKL? Inspired by the timeless concept of chronicles, KRONIKL is dedicated to bringing you the most intriguing, thought-provoking stories from this date. Culture, science, politics, and more — all condensed for a quick, insightful read that connects your present with our past.

*Disclosure: Masters of Trivia is a quiz platform founded by Dom Einhorn and owned by Intelligent Games LLC—the same company that brings you the KRONIKL newsletter.